The LIDAR principle is used in a variety of fields, including large-scale pipeline facility management, industrial disaster safety control, and atmospheric environmental monitoring, to employ the remote gas detection technique. In this study, we designed and implemented a remote detection method for N2O gas leaks using absorption spectroscopy based on frequency modulation of a Mid-IR quantum cascade laser (QCL) with a wavelength of 4.5 μm. We direct the frequency-modulated beam, locked to a single absorption line of N2O, to a leak hole on a target surface within a range of approximately 50 m. For area scanning around the leak point, we use a galvano scanner to deflect the probe beam. The back-scattered beam from the diffuse target surface is then collected by a Cassegrain telescope with a diameter of 300 mm and detected by an InSb photo-detector with high photon sensitivity. To process the detected signal, we utilize fundamental and second harmonic detection with a lock-in amplifier, resulting in a relative gas concentration expressed as the second harmonic signal normalized by the fundamental signal. Our test results demonstrate that this proposed method can detect gas leaks as small as 0.005 sccm at a distance of 50 m.

Steam turbines of thermal power plants are installed in such a way that packing ring surrounds the entire turbine rotors in order to reduce the amount lost due to a leak of steam and to improve performance. However, the conventional packing ring cannot affect positively fluid velocity of the direction of steam, so it does not have the power to reduce vibration of the rotor. In this research, a study was conducted to reduce it by lowering the rotational speed of steam in the rotor. Anti-swirl teeth which changes rotational speed of steam into axial speed of it, designed in front of the conventional packing rings, and their numbers, twist angles. The characteristics of the rotor and the anti-swirl teeth were chosen as design factors to reduce vibration of the rotor. Through the finite element, the improved packing ring designed with the optimal anti-swirl teeth was developed.