With the rapid growth of AI and Big Data, reducing energy consumption in data centers has become a significant challenge. Small-scale server rooms, which often depend on standalone cooling units instead of specialized infrastructure, are especially vulnerable to airflow inefficiencies and localized hotspots. While traditional HVAC theory can estimate total cooling loads, it does not effectively predict the local thermal distributions that depend on equipment placement. This study employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to address these limitations. It focuses on a server room containing five HPCs and three cooling units, comparing theoretical HVAC calculations with 3D thermal fluid analysis conducted using Ansys Fluent. The research evaluates the thermal performance of the existing layout (Model 1) and suggests an improved configuration (Model 2). The findings reveal that strategic equipment placement can eliminate hotspots and stabilize operations while reducing the necessary cooling capacity. This research provides a practical framework for enhancing energy efficiency in small-scale server environments.
In mechanical braking systems, there are hot spots on the surface of a braking disc due to thermal deformation with a high thermal gradient. Controlling such hot spots is important for extending the life of a braking disc. In this study, surface temperatures of railway brake discs were monitored using infrared (IR) thermal imaging technique. A highspeed infrared camera with a maximum speed of 380 Hz was used to monitor surface temperature changes of the braking disc. Braking tests were performed with a full-scale dynamometer. During the braking test, the surface temperature change of the braking disc were monitored using a high-speed infrared camera. Hot spots and thermal damage observed on the surface of railway brake discs during braking tests were quantitatively analyzed using infrared thermographic images. Results revealed that monitoring disc surface temperature using IR thermographic technique can be a new method for predicting surface temperature changes without installing a thermocouple inside the disc.
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