This study investigated the Laser-Induced Plasma Backward Deposition (LIPBD) process for transparent glass-copper composite film production. LIPBD was compared with Laser-Induced Backward Transfer (LIBT). Controlling laser parameters and the z-axis position of Depth of focus (DOF) resulted in various post-deposition outcomes. The optimal deposition depth was 10 μm to 90 μm, ensuring good glass-copper adhesion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping confirmed copper and copper oxide (CuO) particles. X-ray diffraction confirmed Cu and CuO peaks. The adhesive test showed a strong binding between glass and deposition, but the parts of the cracks caused by heat accumulation were delaminated during the test. LIPBD offers controlled deposition potential for glass-copper composites. Optimizing laser parameters leads to high-quality films. This study provides valuable insights into nanotechnology and the semiconductor industry, with potential applications across diverse fields.

MXene is one of the most fascinating 2D materials owing to its great electrical properties and unique performance. Among various application areas, the performance of organic material adsorption has been highlighted with the growing interest in the biocompatible applications of MXene. Although previous research revealed that the huge surface area of this 2D nanomaterial could lead to superior organic material adsorption performance, surface functional groups were usually controlled by changing the pH, and the MXene was generally produced by HF etchant. In this study, a surface modification method of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene film was proposed to enhance organic material adsorption by irradiating the pulsed plasma electron beam (EB). Methylene blue (MB)-dispersed DI water was prepared, and pristine MXene was prepared at pH 7. The MB concentration was only reduced by 20% by pristine MXene. However, EB-treated MXene adsorbed about 75% of the MB within 20 min and over 90% within 80 min when the MXene film was ground to powder form. The results showed that the increased surface area and formation of hydrophilic functional groups successfully modified MB adsorption following EB irradiation under optimal processing conditions.

Compacted graphite iron (CGI) has been widely used in the automobile industry because of its good mechanical properties. CGI has better strength as compared to grey iron due to its internal structure. It includes graphite particles, which enhance the adhesion between graphite and iron. However, the material characteristics can negatively affect the machinability. In this study, cryogenic milling was performed for CGI450. It is well known that cryogenic machining is effective in improving the machinability. The process included spraying liquid nitrogen as a cryogenic coolant, and the influences on machinability were experimentally investigated with a focus on the cutting force and surface roughness. When liquid nitrogen was sprayed, the cutting force was slightly increased due to the cold-strengthening effect. On the other hand, surface roughness was dramatically decreased by 44.7% as compared to dry milling because brittleness of work material was increased by cryogenic coolant spraying.