Skip to main navigation Skip to main content
  • E-Submission

JKSPE : Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering

OPEN ACCESS
ABOUT
BROWSE ARTICLES
EDITORIAL POLICIES
FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Page Path

1
results for

"Sand support"

Article category

Keywords

Publication year

Authors

"Sand support"

Special
Development of a WA-DED Process for Low-angle Overhang Structures Using 3D Sand-printed Supports
Chang Young Choi, Hwi Jun Son, Seo Rim Park, Yeong Jae Kim, Young Tae Cho
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2026;43(9):951-959.
Published online September 1, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.026.00044
This study proposes a hybrid wire arc directed energy deposition (WA-DED) process that uses 3D sand-printed supports to overcome the limitations of low-angle overhang fabrication. WA-DED is a metal additive manufacturing process offering high deposition rates, cost efficiency, and suitability for large-scale components. However, because of its high heat input and molten pool instability, low-angle overhang and hollow structures remain difficult to fabricate, as the molten metal tends to collapse under gravity and thereby degrade geometric accuracy and surface quality. To address this issue, sand-printed supports were introduced. The supports provide tailored mechanical constraint and guide the solidification of the molten pool during deposition. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed process at various overhang angles. The results show that the hybrid process markedly improves deposition stability and enables the fabrication of low-angle and curved overhang structures that conventional WA-DED cannot produce. These findings confirm the effectiveness of sand-supported WA-DED and highlight its potential for industrial applications requiring complex geometries, such as aerospace, marine, and energy components.
  • 29 View
  • 1 Download