Methane thermal decomposition is a promising technology for producing CO2-free hydrogen. This study experimentally examines how temperature (1,000–1,400oC) and residence time affect methane decomposition in a ceramic tubular reactor. The results show that both the methane conversion rate and hydrogen yield increased with temperature, reaching approximately 95% and 45%, respectively, at 1,400oC. At lower temperatures (1,000–1,200oC), residence time had a significant impact, while at higher temperatures (1,300–1,400oC), temperature became the predominant factor. Additionally, the formation of C2 hydrocarbons, particularly acetylene (C2H2), increased as residence time decreased, negatively affecting both methane conversion and hydrogen yield. Analysis of the solid carbon by-products identified two distinct forms: amorphous, spherical carbon black particles and a semi-graphitic, crystalline carbon film. These findings provide essential data for optimizing the conditions of methane thermal decomposition.
An electrospray is widely used in the industry due to uniform and continuous droplet generation. Most of the studies on the electrospray modes are conducted in the cone jet mode. The goal of this study is to confirm the spray patterns for each mode of the electrospray by setting various conditions, such as nozzle to substrate, nozzle diameters, fluid properties (Viscosity and Conductivity), and flow rate. As a result, 7 modes were observed by the applied voltage and flow rate. It was confirmed that the smallest droplet size was produced in the cone jet mode and working fluid V (High Conductivity).
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