This paper addresses the issue of over-constrained assembly in mechanical designs using hole-pin patterns. When two hole-pin pairs are used, they can cause interference between components, leading to assembly failures. To mitigate this, designers often enlarge holes relative to pins to have a large float. However, when functional requirements do not permit significant float, field design engineers tend to add more assembly features, hoping them to mutually limit the float allowed by others. This numerical study employed two commercial tolerance analysis programs to demonstrate that these design changes could not sufficiently reduce float to justify added costs. Instead, this paper proposed an exactly-constrained design by replacing one of the holes with an elongated hole. Numerical analysis showed that this approach significantly reduced float compared to current design practices. This paper logically explains why this must be the case. It is hoped that this study contributes to the advancement of mechanical assembly design practices by adopting the exact constraint concep.

The automobile horn system is an essential part that produces sound for safety reasons. Production of horn system is classified based on two main processes. One of them is the caulking process which makes body assembly and forms the lower part of the horn system. The control dimension of body assembly is a crucial factor for quality control as the sound of the horn is largely determined by the control dimension. In this paper it has been found that plastic deformation of body and its restoration after caulking process is the main reason for the change in control dimension. Typically, 100 specimens of the body assembly were employed and the results were compared (Restore the Length of the Body) with another data set that had the same body but different parts in the assembly. Monte carlo simulation was used for tolerance analysis of control dimension for the body assembly including the deformation of the body in the caulking process. The simulation was identified as a good model to predict the satisfaction ratio of the control dimension with high accuracy and was observed to be useful in designing parts of the assembly and equipment used in the caulking process.