Precise installation of a seam clamp is crucial as failure to do so will lead to defects, compromising the quality of paper containers. Even experts spend 90-120 minutes, which comprises 4.7 percent -6.25 percent of the replacement and adjustment process on a paper container manufacturing machine. To overcome an undesirable replacement procedure, a composite seam clamp was devised. The objective of this paper is to enhance the quality of a seam of a paper container and reduce time replacing seam clamps. The composite seam clamp was designed based on the Guerin process. Silicon rubber, which can be used in the temperature range of the paper container manufacturing process (110-130℃), was selected. To validate performance of the steel and composite seam clamp, 13 error situations resulted from translation and rotating misalignment of seam clamps were set and simulated. Through FEM (Finite Element Method) simulation, this paper confirms that the composite seam clamp shows higher transmission of clamping pressure compared to steel seam clamps in error situations. The feasibility of the composite seam clamp was validated in reducing replacement time of seam clamps through on-site tests.
The automated inspection method of paper cups by using a deep learning classifier is proposed. Unlike conventional inspection methods requiring defect detection, feature extraction, and classification stages, the proposed method gives a unified inspection approach where three separate stages are replaced by one deep-learning model. The images of paper cups are grabbed using a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera and diffused LED lights. The defect patches are extracted from the gathered images and then augmented to be trained by the deep- learning classifier. The random rotation, width and height shift, horizontal and vertical flip, shearing, and zooming are used as data augmentation. Negative patches are randomly extracted and augmented from gathered images. The VGG (Visual Geometry Group)-like classifier is used as our deep-learning classifier and has five convolutional layers and max-pooling layers for every two convolutional layers. The drop-outs are adopted to prevent overfitting. In the paper, we have tested four kinds of defects and nondefects. The optimal classifier model was obtained from train and validation data and the model shows 96.5% accuracy for test data. The results conclude that the proposed method is an effective and promising approach for paper cup inspection.
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Research and Evaluation on an Optical Automatic Detection System for the Defects of the Manufactured Paper Cups Ping Wang, Yang-Han Lee, Hsien-Wei Tseng, Cheng-Fu Yang Sensors.2023; 23(3): 1452. CrossRef
Method and Installation for Efficient Automatic Defect Inspection of Manufactured Paper Bowls Shaoyong Yu, Yang-Han Lee, Cheng-Wen Chen, Peng Gao, Zhigang Xu, Shunyi Chen, Cheng-Fu Yang Photonics.2023; 10(6): 686. CrossRef
A paper cup forming machine performs the entire process to produce paper cups. Recently, as the demand for paper cups in various fields increases, the need for rapid and timely paper cup forming also increases. However, the more rapid the manufacturing speed is, the higher the possibility of forming failure. Frequent fault occurrences cause a time-consuming and costly repair process and reduces manufacturing efficiency. Among various fault factors in this research, position deviation of the paper from the original position, which induces a jamming and process stop, was selected and a novel deviation detecting system using multiple photo sensors was suggested. Before operating the position detecting system, the performance of the photo sensors was evaluated with respect to response speed and photo beam precision. A deviation detecting mechanism was designed. The developed deviation detecting system was integrated with the paper cup forming machine and experimented with using base papers. It was conformed that the suggested system could be used to diagnose paper deviation failure.
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The Development of a Failure Diagnosis System for High-Speed Manufacturing of a Paper Cup-Forming Machine Seolha Kim, Jaeho Jang, Baeksuk Chu Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers.2019; 18(5): 37. CrossRef
The current production speeds of current paper-cup-forming machines need to be improved to match the increasing demands of the market. However, high-speed operations may cause severe vibrations, which are detrimental to the machine. In this study, a 3D dynamic simulation model was developed to predict changes in the dynamic characteristics of the machine following increased operation speed, using the Recurdyn and Nx Nastran software. Accuracy of the simulation model was validated by comparing simulation results and experimental measurements of the machine vibration. A new upper plate design was also developed, to minimize vertical deflection and vibration due to increased operating speed. Our simulation model showed that new upper plate design reduced the magnitude of maximum deflection by 72% and maximum vibration by 38%, suggesting that a modified upper plate would be dynamically stable in high-speed operations.
To evaluate the performance of nuclear fuel, it is necessary to measure the fission gas release, fuel temperature, fuel stack elongation, cladding elongation, fuel rod inner pressure, coolant temperature, and neutron flux during irradiation tests. Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) is applied to the in-pile instruments for measuring the fuel rod inner pressure. In this study, design modification of LVDT was carried out to measure the fuel elongation and cladding elongation, without changing the structural soundness of the conventional nuclear fuel test rig used in HANARO. The magnetic core was directly connected to the fuel stack or cladding using a supporter, and it moved through the guide rail of LVDT sensor according to the deformation of fuel pellets or cladding. The performance verification and data calibration of the modified LVDT were verified by the deformation simulation system, where displacement was induced using a micrometer.
Tunable lasers have played an important role in a variety of industrial fields, by supplying stable output over a wide range of wavelengths. The external-cavity diode laser (ECDL) is widely used, because it provides a relatively broad tuning range, compact configuration, and easy control. In this paper, a new design is proposed for the Littman ECDL. The new design possesses a mode-hop-free single mode which is capable of tuning over a wide range of 17 nm, as a result of reconfiguring the pivot point location. Simulation and experimental studies were performed to verify our proposed method.
A gas turbine is a power plant unit that converts thermal energy into rotational energy by rotating a blade using hightemperature and high-pressure combustion gas. A gas turbine blade is directly exposed to a high-temperature flame. Various studies have aimed to improve the durability of the blade in harsh conditions. One proposes coating the blade with a thermal barrier to protect it from the flame, using a ceramic material with better thermal insulation. Another proposes using internal cooling, by creating an air flow path inside the blade to lower its temperature. Because both these techniques create a thermal gradient in the cross section of the blade, they amplify the difference in thermal expansion, thereby producing thermal stress in the blade and the thermal barrier coating. This study investigates the internal cooling effect on thermal gradient fatigue by using finite element analysis.
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An interaction integral method for calculating heat flux intensity factor with the XFEM Huachao Deng, Bo Yan, Honghong Su, Xiaomin Zhang, Xin Lv International Journal of Thermal Sciences.2019; 136: 379. CrossRef
This paper describes the design of the beam of a gantry robot for Computer numerical control (CNC) lathe that can automatically attach and detach a workpiece. The gantry robot takes the unprocessed workpiece from the stoker and mounts it on the chuck of a CNC lathe. The robot then removes the processed workpiece fixed to the chuck and places it in the processed workpiece stoker. The workpiece consists of a body, x-axis beam, x-axis driving device, y-axis beam, yaxis driving device, z-axis beam and z-axis driving device. Finite element analysis was performed to design the x-axis beam, the y-axis beam, and the z-axis beam. Based on the results, the optimal size of the x-axis beam was designed to have a size of 150 mm × 150 mm × 4681 mm with a thickness of 9 mm. The x-axis beam is less eccentric in the position of the chuck of the CNC lathe.
The flexural characteristics of corrugated sandwich panels are anisotropic and depend on its corrugation geometry and load position. The objective of this paper is to examine the influence of corrugation angle and load position on the flexural characteristics of plastic sandwich panels with trapezoidal corrugated cores subjected to ASTM three-point bending via finite element analysis. The stress distributions at mid span have been plotted to determine the stress concentration at different corrugation angle and load position. The specific flexural stiffness and modulus have been estimated from the loaddisplacement and stress-strain curves, respectively. The failure of the specimen due to stress or strain limit has been examined via maximum limit stroke. Results have shown that the specific flexural stiffness and modulus improve as the corrugation angle decreases. The load position has influenced the flexural characteristics due to the occurrence of local bending and local tension.
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A Study on the Effects of the Corrugated Angle on Low Velocity Impact Characteristics of the Lightweight Sandwich Plate with Corrugated Cores Produced by FDM Process Yong Hun Jang, Dong-Gyu Ahn, Bo Sung Shin Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering.2017; 34(12): 939. CrossRef
This paper presents a construction method regarding a tubular nano-mesh for which the anodic oxidation of aluminum (Al) wire is used. The first step of tubular-nano-mesh production is Al-wire anodization. A new anodizing device was made for the wire-based uniform anodization for this study, and a high-purity (99.999%) Al wire with a 2 mm diameter was used. Also, an electrolytic solution was used as a 0.07 M oxalic acid, while the electrolytic-solution temperature was maintained at -3℃. While the applied voltage and the process time were varied, the AAO (Anodic Aluminum Oxide) characteristics of the Al wire were observed. When 60 V was applied to the wire, alumina cracks were not evident, whereas the application of 100 V produced alumina cracks; this is because the growth rate of the nano-pore voltage affected the alumina shape. For the subsequent construction of the tubular alumina structure, an Al-etchant (HCl + H2O + CuCl2 + 2H2O) etched-Al portion of the anodized wire was employed. The final step is a pore-widening process that is implemented through the hole channel. The anodized wire was dipped in the alumina etchant, and the pore-wall removal was checked over time.
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Effect of Nanochannel Size of Surface Treated Thru-Hole Alumina Membrane in Rejection of Polar Molecules Eui Don Han, Byeong Hee Kim, Young Ho Seo International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing.2018; 19(2): 287. CrossRef
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