This study presents a vertically deployable rotor-sail structure utilizing multi-layer Sarrus linkages. The structure fully extends during sailing to maximize Magnus lift and compresses to less than half its length for docking. An analytical beam model integrates link thickness, mid part spacing, and centrifugal loading to predict deflection and mass. Parametric comparisons of two-layer, six-layer, and twelve-layer configurations reveal that the twelve-layer design reduces structural mass by 90% while meeting an L/1000 deflection limit. Dynamic simulations using RecurDyn confirm that mid part segmentation decreases damping time and reduces peak stress, thus enhancing deployability and mechanical reliability. The findings offer quantitative design guidance for high-speed rotating deployable structures.
Additive manufacturing processes have been called by a wide variety of terms since the early days of development. As these names are often mixed academically and industrially, the demand for standardization of terms has gradually increased. Accordingly, the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) are in the process of establishing standards for the names and definitions of important terms related to additive manufacturing. Although Korea has also begun to establish KS standards based on ISO/ASTM standards, the Korean language and definitions of important terms related to additive manufacturing as defined by ISO/ASTM have not been fully organized. Therefore, the similar terms defined in ISO/ASTM in many academic and industrial literature are called by various Korean terms. Thus, this work deals with suggestions on the Korean terminologies and standardization of important terms related to additive manufacturing based on ISO/ASTM standards. Especially, this paper deals with the Additive Manufacturing and seven sub-process classifications.
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A tactile sensor is a device that collects pressure information from its environment. However, the sensors mimicking a human’s sensory system have not been sufficiently developed for practical application. It is noted that planar flexible tactile sensors have sufficient elasticity and flexibility for attachment to non-planar surfaces. But, they are subjected to an initial strain when attached to a non-planar surface. Therefore an additional calibration process is required. In this study, the fabrication process of a non-planar flexible tactile sensor is proposed, using a direct writing technology as well as an additive manufacturing technology. A curved elastic sensor body was fabricated using mold by the use of a layer-by-layer process. Moreover, the pressure sensitive material which is composed of MWCNTs and PDMA, was dispensed using a direct writing technology. The non-planar flexible tactile sensor was fabricated and tested in terms of an external pressure.
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3D printing technology was developed in the early 1990s, and continues to grow to the present day. Globally, 3D printing technology developed as processing technology, but now progresses to various application technologies. Korea had an initial interest in overseas 3D printing technology, but the first prototype industries were limited. Recently, 3D printing technology has been attracting attention as a future technology, and the interest of people and research have been greatly increased. In Korea, it is known that many researches related to 3D printing are performed recently. However, it is true that research on the quantitative counting of specific research fields and analysis has not been sufficiently reviewed. Therefore, this paper introduces study results to understand trends of 3D printing research in Korea and to extract the mainstream fields, focusing on the articles published in Korean journals. This paper shows various indexes, such as the number of papers per year, as well as research fields and tendency of increases and decreases calculated and introduced with this topic.
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To enhance the safety of nuclear reactors after the Fukushima accident, researchers are developing various types of accident tolerant fuel (ATF) to increase the coping time and reduce the generation of hydrogen by oxidation. Coated cladding, an ATF concept, can be a promising technology in view of its commercialization. We applied 3D printing technology to the fabrication of coated cladding as well as of coated pellets. Direct metal tooling (DMT) in 3D printing technologies can create a coated layer on the tubular cladding surface, which maintains stability during corrosion, creep, and wear in the reactor. A 3D laser coating apparatus was built, and parameter studies were carried out. To coat pellets with erbium using this apparatus, we undertook preliminary experiments involving metal pellets. The adhesion test showed that the coated layer can be maintained at near fracture strength.
This paper reports the enhanced fabrication and characterization of a 3 × 3 array tactile actuator composed of cellulose acetate. The array tactile actuator, with dimensions of 15 × 15 × 1 ㎣, consists of 9 pillar-supported cells made from a cellulose-acetate molding. The fabrication process and performance test along with the results for the suggested actuator are explained. To improve the cell-array fabrication, a laser cut was adopted after the molding process. The displacement of the unit cell increased the input voltage and frequency. Various top masses are added onto the actuator to mimic the touch force, and the acceleration of the actuator is measured under actuation. When 2 kV is applied to the actuator, the maximum acceleration is 0.64 g, which is above the vibrotactile threshold. The actuation mechanism is associated with the electrostatic force between the top and bottom electrodes.
Generally electrical circuits are fabricated as PCB(Printed Circuit Board) and mounted on a casing of the product. And it requires lots of other parts and some labor for assembly. Recently a molding technology is increasingly applied to embed simple circuits on a plastic casing. The technology is called as MID(Molded Interconnected Device). Therefore this paper introduces a new MID fabrication process by using direct 3D printing technology.
Multi-material Additive Manufacturing (AM) is being focused to apply for direct manufacturing of a product. In this paper, a three-dimensional circuit device (3DCD) fabrication technology based on the multi-material AM technology was proposed. In contrast with conventional two-dimensional Printed Circuit Board (PCB), circuit elements and conducting wires of 3DCD are placed in threedimensional configuration at multiple layers of the structure. Therefore, 3DCD technology can improve design freedom of an electronic product. In this paper, 3DCD technology is proposed based on AM technology. Two types of 3DCD fabrication systems were developed based on the Stereolithography and the Fused Deposition Modeling technologies. And the 3DCD samples which have same function were fabricated, successfully.
In this study, experiments were conducted for micro pattern printing to combine solution atomization process and stencil printing based on electrospray deposition. The stencil mask fabricated by etching the photosensitive glass placed below 0.3 mm distance to substrate has 100 um line width. The process parameters of electrospray deposition system for the atomization of the solution are applied voltage and supply flow rate of the solution. Meniscus angle of cone-jet was optimized by varying the supply flow rate from 0.3 ml/hr to 0.7 ml/hr. Voltage condition was verified having symmetric cone-jet angle and no pulsation at 8.5 kV applied voltage. In addition, a number of micro patterns are printed using a single 1 step process by solution atomization process. Variable line width of approximate 100 um was confirmed by changing conditions of solution atomization regardless of the pattern size of stencil mask.
EHD (electro-hydro-dynamics) patterning was performed under atmospheric pressure at room temperature in a single step. The drop diameter smaller than nozzle diameter and applied high viscosity conductive ink in EHD patterning method provide a clear advantage over the piezo and thermal inkjet printing techniques. The micro electrode pattern was printed by continuous EHD patterning method using 3-type control parameters (input voltage, patterning speed, nozzle pressure). High viscosity (1000cps) conductive ink with 75wt% of silver nanoparticles was used. EHD cone type nozzle having an internal diameter of 50μm was used for experimentation. EHD jetting mode by input voltage and applied 1st order linear regression in stable jet mode was analyzed. The stable jet was achieved at the amplitude of 1.4~1.8 kV. 10μm micro electrode pattern was created at optimized parameters (input voltage 1.6kV, patterning speed 25mm/sec and nozzle pressure -2.3kPa).
The Electrostatic Inkjet system has many applications in cost and time effective manufacturing of printed electronics like RFIDs, OLEDs and flexible displays etc. This paper presents pneumatic ink supply system for an electrohydrodynamic deposition (EHD) setup for the precise pressure control to produce a small amount of discharge at the end of the capillary. The meniscus shape depends upon the applied pneumatic pressure to the ink supply system. Furthermore, this paper also compares meniscus shapes at different applied pneumatic pressures. It is concluded that patterning of constant line-width can be achieved better by controlling the meniscus shape using this technique.
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