In the heating and drying system using microwaves, an optimal design method was presented to effectively shield microwaves leakage between the door and the cylindrical applicator. In order to protect the human body from leaking microwaves, it is necessary to keep the intensity of microwaves below 5 mW/cm². The door part adopts a choke structure and includes a number of design factors, such as, fin shape, slit shape, and a gap between the applicator and the door. The geometry was optimized by design of experiments, applying full factorial design and response surface method in a 4-factor, 2-level design. The results obtained by ANSYS HFSS analysis were applied to the intensity of microwave leakage according to the change of the design factors. The shape of the choke structure was optimized using Minitab, a statistical program. The microwave heating and drying system was manufactured based on optimal design value and the leakage of microwaves between the door and the applicator was measured. We confirmed that the experimental values were consistent with the simulation values.
As global warming is rapidly emerging as one of the inherently global issues, one of the renewable energies, i.e. thermo-electric generation, has received attention. In order to increase the efficiency of thermo-electric generation, a maximum temperature difference in plain fins in a heat exchanger is needed, and an appropriate pressure drop is required to ensure stable flow of high temperature fluid. In the present study, the characteristics of the temperature difference and pressure difference for the 2 kW-class thermo-electric generator installed in exhaust pipes of a cogeneration plant were investigated numerically via thermal fluid analysis using ANSYS CFX. Then, size optimization for plain fins of a heat exchanger was carried out using SAS JMP, in which the temperature difference was maximized while meeting the requirement of a given pressure drop condition. A meta-model was generated by using the response surface model, and individual desirability functions were defined to derive the optimal solution that provided the maximal overall desirability function. The result obtained by size optimization showed that the temperature difference of the optimized plain fins of a heat exchanger increased by approximately 27% in comparison with the original model under the given pressure drop condition.
This study investigated the effects of process parameters on mechanical properties of fabricated parts of the Polylactic acid (PLA) materials using fused deposition modeling (FDM) in 3D printing Technology. First, Taguchi method in the design of experiment (DOE) approach was applied to generate a design matrix of three process parameters namely; printing speed, extrusion temperature and layer thickness. A L9 array with 9 specimens was used for fabrication under various process parameters by the Builder 3D printer. Tensile test was implemented and recorded in accordance with ASTM D368 standard. Achieved data were analyzed using the Minitab software to show the effect of each process parameter on mechanical properties. Secondly, a regression model was developed to predict the trend of response in case of change in setting of parameters and estimating the optimal set of process parameters which creates the strongest FDM parts. The achieved optimum parameters were used to validate the fabricated samples for tensile testing. According to the results, the best mechanical strength of fabricated parts was achieved with printing speed of 48 mm/s, extrusion temperature of 220 degree of celsius (C) and the layer thickness of 0.15 mm. Also, the extrusion temperature was the most influencing factor on ultimate tensile stress.
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